Based on the latest All-Athletics World Rankings (11.08.2009) the medal distribution by countries at the World Championships is predicted as follows:
| Country | Medals |
| United States (USA) | 25 |
| Russia (RUS) | 18 |
| Kenya (KEN) | 13 |
| Jamaica (JAM) | 12 |
| Ethiopia (ETH) | 9 |
| Cuba (CUB) | 6 |
| Germany (GER) | 5 |
| Australia (AUS) | 4 |
| Great Britain & NI (GBR) | 4 |
| Poland (POL) | 4 |
| Bahamas (BAH) | 3 |
| Belarus (BLR) | 3 |
| Norway (NOR) | 3 |
| Czech Republic (CZE) | 2 |
| France (FRA) | 2 |
| Portugal (POR) | 2 |
| Sudan (SUD) | 2 |
| Antigua & Barbuda (ANT) | 1 |
| Bahrain (BRN) | 1 |
| Brazil (BRA) | 1 |
| Canada (CAN) | 1 |
| Croatia (CRO) | 1 |
| Eritrea (ERI) | 1 |
| Estonia (EST) | 1 |
| Finland (FIN) | 1 |
| Hungary (HUN) | 1 |
| Italy (ITA) | 1 |
| Japan (JPN) | 1 |
| Latvia (LAT) | 1 |
| Lithuania (LTU) | 1 |
| Morocco (MAR) | 1 |
| New Zealand (NZL) | 1 |
| Panama (PAN) | 1 |
| Romania (ROU) | 1 |
| Slovak Republic (SVK) | 1 |
| Slovenia (SLO) | 1 |
| Spain (ESP) | 1 |
| South Africa (RSA) | 1 |
| Uganda (UGA) | 1 |
| Ukraine (UKR) | 1 |
| Trinidad & Tobago (TRI) | 1 |
Remark: participants information as at 12 August
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